Treatment of obesity 3 degrees where to start. How to deal with obesity of the third degree - methods of treating the disease. With what degree are they taken into the army

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The number of overweight people in civilized countries has exceeded 50% of the total population. Of overweight people, about 30% have various degrees of obesity..

If earlier it was believed that excess weight is a problem, rather, of an aesthetic and psychological nature, today no one doubts that this is a serious disease that significantly worsens the quality of life and reduces its duration.

Many people who feel relatively normal are often unaware that they already have an initial degree of obesity. Meanwhile, as with any disease, early detection of obesity is much easier to cure. In the initial stages of the disease, you can get rid of excess weight without resorting to medical help, only by adjusting the diet, diet and paying more attention to physical activity.

How to determine the presence of obesity and the degree of obesity

Before turning to the issue of being overweight and determining the degree of obesity, one should find out What weight is considered normal. There are several such formulas. Here are the most popular ones.

Calculation of ideal weight. It is carried out according to the formula: 50 + (height in cm - 150) * 0.75. Thus, a person with a height of 180 cm should have a weight of 72.5 kg. This formula displays the ideal male weight. In order to determine the ideal weight of a woman, 3.5 kg is subtracted from the resulting value.

Brock's formula is popular. To determine the optimal weight, subtract 100 from the height in centimeters, if a person’s height is up to 165 cm. With a height of 165 to 175 cm, 105 is subtracted from the height. With a height of 175 cm, the number 110 is subtracted from the height.

Doctors are more likely to use body mass index (BMI) values. BMI is calculated by dividing body weight in kilograms by height in meters squared. For example, the BMI of a woman with a height of 1.6 m and a weight of 56 kg will be equal to: 56: (1.6) 2 = 21.875. With normal weight, the BMI value should be in the range of 19-22.9. A value from 23 to 24.9 indicates the presence of excess weight. A BMI above 25 is indicative of obesity.

It is customary to distinguish several degrees of obesity.

Based on the formula for calculating the ideal body weight or Broca's formula, then, depending on the number of kilograms in excess of the optimal weight, determine:

excess of the optimal weight by 20-29% - obesity of the 1st degree;
excess of the optimal weight by 30-49% - obesity of the 2nd degree;
excess of the optimal weight by 50-99% - obesity of the 3rd degree;
exceeding the optimal weight by 100% or more - obesity of the 4th degree.

The degree of obesity is often determined based on the results of calculating the body mass index:

BMI from 25 to 29.9 - obesity of the 1st degree;

BMI from 30 to 35.9 - obesity of the 2nd degree;

BMI from 36 to 39.9 - obesity of the 3rd degree;

BMI of 40 and above - indicates obesity of the 4th degree (morbid obesity).

Well-being and deviations in the state of health in obesity of 1st degree and 2nd degree

Obesity 1 and 2 degrees, as a rule, are not accompanied by any health complaints. During this period, the problem of excess weight is considered, rather, as a cosmetic small defect. Some may experience psychological discomfort. However, there are reasons for concern. After all, it is with 1 and 2 degrees of obesity that the weight is steadily growing. And, therefore, the load on the cardiovascular system, joints and spine is constantly growing. During this period, more and more pain in the joints and spine may occur, and shortness of breath may appear periodically. All these symptoms indicate that it is time to change your lifestyle, reconsider your regimen and diet.

Of course, it is better to make a diet and a set of physical exercises with the help of specialists - dietitians and instructors in physical therapy or fitness. In the treatment of mild obesity, diet, exercise, massage, hydromassage, and baths are usually used.

Impairment of health in obesity 3 degrees and 4 degrees

With severe degrees of obesity, pathological changes begin affecting all body systems. First of all, the cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine systems suffer. A serious disease such as type 2 diabetes mellitus develops. The musculoskeletal system experiences huge overloads: the spine and joints of the lower extremities suffer the most. With 3 and 4 degrees of obesity, legs often “fail” in people.

Treatment for severe obesity is prescribed by a doctor. In addition to diet and feasible physical activity, patients are prescribed medication. In some cases, they resort to operations.

Morbid obesity and nutritional

Alimentary obesity occurs as a result of excessive food intake. Often familial. And the problem in this case lies not only and not so much in the genetic predisposition and the strength of the constitution, but in the culture and food traditions that have developed in the family. With the ability to critically assess the situation, with a certain willpower, alimentary obesity is quite easy to treat. If obesity of this type is not treated in a timely manner, then it becomes the cause of many diseases.

Morbid obesity is not a cause, but a consequence of diseases. Morbid obesity develops most often as a result of lesions (as a result of infection or injury) of the endocrine system. Organs, the defeat of which can cause morbid obesity, are: thyroid gland, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, gonads. This type of obesity is very difficult to treat. First of all, it is required to restore the normal function of the affected glands.

stages of obesity

Depending on the characteristics and stages of the development of the disease, there are three stages of obesity:

obesity can be a stable stage, when the weight does not undergo significant changes for quite a long time;
progressive stage of obesity - characterized by an abrupt or slow constant increase in body weight;
residual stage of obesity - occurs after a long period of weight loss.

Regardless of the stage, type and degree of obesity, a person should adequately assess the state of excessive fullness as painful, and start taking measures to normalize weight as early as possible.

Extra pounds not only expose the body to constant stress, but also pose a threat to life. The most dangerous is obesity of the 3rd degree; how many kg are extra and how to deal with them, we will consider in more detail.

Obesity of the 3rd degree is a serious disease with excess weight of more than 50%, that is, at a rate of 60 kg in relation to height, you constantly carry more than 100 kg with you, of which 40-60 kg is fat in its natural form. This leads not only to a constant burden on the body, but also to the occurrence of serious diseases that provoke many problems and complaints, and even to a threat to life.

Extra pounds are a heavy burden for a person. They also need oxygen supply, blood circulation, which they use from the heart, exposing it to incredible stress. If obesity is divided into 4 degrees, it is not difficult to understand the condition of a person if he has a 3 degree, and extra pounds exceed almost 2 times the prescribed weight. The patient is forced to resort to outside help, since he can no longer bend over on his own, put his hands behind his back and even put on, for example, shoes.

Symptoms at grade 3 are obvious:

persistent shortness of breath, even at rest;
weakness, drowsiness;
decrease in working capacity;
headaches, pain in the heart;
pain in the legs, back, knees;
puffiness;
increased sweating;
disorders of the gastrointestinal tract;
visible ugly folds of fat on the abdomen and thighs, and most of the fat is invisible, accumulates inside the body;
purple inflamed stretch marks on the body.

With obesity of this degree, the hypothalamus is affected, which inevitably leads to a serious condition of the patient:

Self-calculation of body mass index

To determine the degree of obesity, you need to calculate the Broca index - an indicator of healthy weight. To compile the algorithm, subtract the number 100 from your height, then subtract another 10% from the result. For example, with a height of 160 cm, we subtract 100, we get 60. Minus 10% of 60, that is, minus 6, we get 54 kg. So, with a height of 160 cm, the normal weight should be 54 kg.

To find out how many kg are extra, you need to subtract the ideal weight from the existing weight, calculate the percentage from the resulting balance. The body mass index is your actual weight in kg divided twice by your height in meters. With an excess of body weight from 60% to 90%, the mass index is normal - 18-25%.

Can't do without a diet

There are many programs and diets for weight loss, but the main requirement is the same: to drastically reduce the intake of energy-rich foods. The higher the degree of obesity, the more rigid the diet should be. With obesity of the 3rd degree, the energy value of your diet should be reduced by at least 40%. However, it is worth considering the average energy consumption of the patient, the norm of his body weight. The percentage can be raised or increased from 30 to 50%.

To calculate the daily calorie content, you can use the same Brock formula.

One diet in the fight against obesity is not enough. We need physical exercises developed according to a special system that helps to increase muscle mass and burn fat. The diet should be chosen correctly, it is important to calculate the amount of amino acids and vitamins taken per day, limit the intake of protein foods. But a lack of protein leads to problems with the heart, liver, and other organs, so you need to gradually reduce protein intake. It is better to consult an experienced nutritionist to develop an individual diet.

The energy value of the diet should be preserved at the same time, so you should not starve yourself if you want to lose weight. It is important to understand that extra pounds will not go away overnight, the fight against obesity is a long, painstaking and daily work, primarily on oneself. Without an emotional state and a strong desire to lose weight, dieting alone is unlikely to help defeat obesity.

Regardless, food should be constant and, of course, tasty.

Amino acids, seafood include few carbohydrates, but they are tasty and quite allowed for obesity. Animal fats should be replaced with vegetable fats, which are also found in many delicious foods. To create a feeling of satiety, foods should be low-calorie, but voluminous. You need to eat more often, up to 6-7 times a day, but in small portions. It is important to remove foods that increase appetite from the diet (spices, spices, and salt that disrupts metabolism).

Make a menu for a week right away, cross out forbidden foods not only from the list, but also from your head, just don’t think about tasty, but harmful foods for you. For obesity, the use is allowed:

rye black bread, up to 150 g per day;
vegetable soups (fish, meat soups are acceptable, but not more than 2-3 times a week);
cereals, pasta;
lean fish, boiled lean beef, 2-3 times a week;
eggs, one per day;
vegetables, greens in any quantity;
sour varieties of berries, fruits;
tomato juice, tea with milk;
dairy products that normalize metabolism;
fats in the form of vegetable butter, but not more than 40 g per day.

At night it is useful to drink kefir at 150-200 g.

It is unacceptable for obesity to use:

spicy, spicy food;
sweets, chocolate;
ice cream;
confectionery;
salty and smoked snacks;
alcohol.

Medical therapy

Unfortunately, not everyone succeeds in defeating grade 3 obesity with diets and physical activity. With a large excess of weight, the load is poorly tolerated by patients, many are simply not able to perform exercises: shortness of breath, palpitations, weakness, and rapid fatigue immediately appear. Diets are ineffective in case of pathological appetite, failures and violations of the nutritionist's prescriptions are within easy reach. Not many are ready to endure bouts of hunger, they immediately break the diet without realizing it.

The treatment of grade 3 obesity with surgical methods involves an operation on the stomach to reduce its volume or the introduction of a balloon that reduces the volume. A truncated stomach fills up and saturates faster, increased appetite can be controlled.

Obesity treatment should be comprehensive, consisting of:

drug treatment prescribed by an endocrinologist with the ineffectiveness of diets and exercise;
hydrotherapy, water massage, which helps to remove excess salts and fluids from the body;
physical activity in the form of gymnastics, water aerobics.

Strength exercises are excluded, and light sports with a gradual increase in load should be practiced.

Surgical intervention is an extreme measure when obesity poses a threat to the patient's life, is associated with severe diseases of the internal organs.

Together with diets and physical exercises, homeopathy gives good results in the fight against obesity. But a doctor's consultation in this case is mandatory, self-medication is unacceptable, the consequences and the degree of harm can be unpredictable in the future.

Treatment of obesity of the 3rd degree is effective with folk remedies.

Mix rowan berries, mistletoe, linden bark (100 g each), linden flowers and water pepper (70 g each), mix, prepare an infusion, taking 3 tbsp. l. collection for single use. Pour boiling water over the collection (1 tbsp.), Let it brew. Drink before meals for 1 month, 150-200 ml 4 times a day.

Obesity of the third degree can be treated with Caucasian hellebore. Take 2 tbsp. l. collection, pour boiling water (0.5 l), let it brew for 1 hour. Drink before meals 3-4 times a day for 0.5 cups. The course of treatment is 6 months.

The need for medical advice

Never give up.
Be patient. Only everyday work on yourself and willpower will eventually give positive results.
Create the perfect weight loss program with your doctor.
Follow all prescriptions and prescriptions of the doctor. Remember: the wrong step to the side can dramatically aggravate the situation.

Do not take unknown and untested drugs without the knowledge of a doctor. Obesity affects the heart, liver, stomach, kidneys, endocrine system. Medications will only increase the load on the internal organs. There is no point in panicking, only willpower, confidence in victory, psychological attitude will bear fruit, but gradually. Obesity is a disease that is treated for a long time, painfully, and you need to be prepared for this.

In recent years, the problem of overweight has affected thousands of people around the world. Therefore, even in our country today you can meet many men and women with obesity of the 3rd degree. Although they all differ in the number of kilograms gained, each person, with the right approach, can become slim again.

What it is?

First of all, I would like to tell you more about the term, which will be discussed in this article. Obesity is a disease, the main symptom of which is the accumulation of fat reserves in the subcutaneous tissue or other tissues of the body. Therefore, overweight people not only look unattractive, but also put their health at risk. Most of them at some point develop a dangerous disease that affects various organs and systems of the body.

Degrees of obesity

Within the framework of the issue under consideration, it is customary to distinguish several main degrees of obesity: the first, second and third. Any person who falls into a risk group will do well to know how to determine the degree of obesity.

First degree

Also referred to as overweight. It is very difficult to determine this stage due to the lack of medical complaints about health. But a person already in this state may be upset by his appearance. At this time, the spine, joints and bones begin to experience increased stress. Therefore, at the first suspicion of obesity, it is necessary to start acting already at this stage, otherwise it will allow the disease to progress further, after which the next stage of the disease will come. Usually people who are in the first stage of obesity gain no more than 5-10% in weight.

Second degree

A characteristic feature is the weight, which differs from the optimal weight by 50-99% upwards. At this stage of obesity, a person complains of constant fatigue, weakness and irritability. Many people note the constant presence of feelings of thirst and hunger. Some give considerable discomfort shortness of breath, nausea, pain in the joints. In some groups, diseases of internal organs begin to develop, pathologies of important body systems occur.

Third degree

It is very easy to define such a state because at this stage a person begins to weigh at least twice as much as in a normal state. An additional signal for the development of 3 degrees of obesity is the presence of many diseases.

Weight calculation

Quite interesting is the method of determining the degree of obesity. To do this, you first have to perform preliminary calculations. One of the mandatory indicators is the Brocca index, which indicates the presence of a healthy weight in an individual. The calculation scheme looks like this:

The base figure is growth, from which you need to subtract 100.
From the value obtained, you need to subtract 10-15% again.

A similar calculation method can be used by people who, in terms of height, correspond to the range from 155 to 170 cm.

Let's see how it will look on an example.

Imagine that a person's height is 163 cm, then the calculations will look like this:

163 cm - 100 = 63.
15% of 63 - 9, 45. 63 - 9, 45 \u003d 53.5 (kg).

The conclusion will be as follows: in order to avoid health problems, a person whose height is 163 cm should have a weight of 53.5 kg.

After that, you can do the execution obesity rate calculations. To do this, the real weight of a person is taken as the base value, from which the ideal weight is subtracted, after which it remains to estimate the percentage of the remainder. Based on the value obtained, you can find out the degree of obesity of a person.

BMI

It is possible to propose another method for determining the degree of obesity, which is based on the use of body mass index, developed by the Belgian Adolf Ketele. This indicator is calculated using the following formula:

I = m / h2, where:

I is the body mass index;
m - body weight in kilograms;
h - height in meters.

Consider the following situation as an example:

Let's say a person's height is 163 cm with a weight of 70 kg. By doing some simple calculations, we get

I \u003d 70 / 2.66 \u003d 26.3.

After that we need use the interpretation table. As a result, you can get the following indicators:

To calculate the weight of a person for obesity of the 3rd degree, you only need to correctly calculate your BMI. This must be done without fail, since in each case these indicators will differ due to the difference in growth.

Symptoms

An additional clue that a person has 3 degrees of obesity is the symptoms, which also do not hurt to pay attention. How does the patient feel? in a similar state?

It is usually very difficult for a person with a similar degree of obesity to perform household operations, so he needs outside help. It is very difficult for him to do such simple actions for an ordinary person as bending over, putting his hands behind his back. Even ordinary movements are a real torment for a patient with 3 degrees of obesity.
A characteristic symptom is shortness of breath. Moreover, it causes inconvenience, both during physical exertion and at rest.
Along with the above signs, diseases often begin to develop that affect various organs. The most common are vascular atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and pancreatitis.
In most cases, this condition is accompanied by weakness and drowsiness. Also, such a person has a very low performance.
People who are at this stage of obesity are often bothered by headaches and pain in the heart.

Diet

With the development of a person with 3 degrees of obesity, the first thing he must do is change your diet. For this condition, table number 8 will be optimal. If you follow this diet, you can not only lose weight noticeably, but also normalize the water-salt balance in the body. The basis of the diet is low-calorie foods. A prerequisite is frequent fractional meals.

The nutrition of such a person during the day will look like this:

Treatment

A characteristic sign of the development of 3 degrees of obesity is stability of fat reserves. In most cases, they are not limited only to dieting, but a number of additional activities are carried out.

Physical exercise. It is useful for people who are diagnosed with 3 degrees of obesity to do water aerobics and gymnastics. At first, any sports are recommended, over time, you can increase the load. It is unacceptable to switch to strength exercises in the first weeks. Otherwise, it may worsen the condition even more.
Hydrotherapy. A fairly effective technique for getting rid of extra pounds is a Charcot shower or water massage.
Psychotherapy. In some cases, people need the help of a specialist psychologist. Many bring themselves to such a state against the background of depression, which a person often fails to overcome on his own.
Medical treatment. The decision to conduct it is made by the endocrinologist, provided that diet and exercise did not help to improve the condition.
Surgical intervention. This unpopular method is resorted to only in extreme cases, and only a doctor should decide on an operation.

ethnoscience

Sometimes even official medicine cannot help a person who has 3 degrees of obesity. Therefore, it is often necessary turn to folk remedies. Among the known drugs, the following are considered the most effective.

If you have shortness of breath, sometimes even at rest, heart pain, tachycardia, then you may have ( morbid obesity).

Morbid obesity- this is an excess of body mass index (BMI) by more than 40-50 kg / m2.

Such obesity already presents difficulties in overcoming it. food addiction
best to overcome in a complex. Well, if in your city there is a psychologist - a specialist in treatment of obesity of the 3rd degree (morbid obesity).

Knowing that obesity is a disease like many others will make it easier for you to achieve a healthy weight. Before starting treatment, find a competent specialist and conduct a complete examination for the presence of serious chronic comorbidities. The correct diagnosis will greatly facilitate your task of losing weight. Conversely, an incorrect diagnosis can cause much more harm to your health.

Treatment of obesity 3 degrees.

There are many effective ways to treat obesity. It can also be surgical methods of treatment, such as bandaging or gastric bypass. If you are not inclined to radical changes, you can start a comprehensive treatment with the right diet and exercise.

The psychology of obesity believes that the causes of overweight are an acquired habit in childhood to receive rewards in the form of food, as well as to seize grief and resentment with a piece of delicious food. In this way, quite often the mother conveys her care for the child, limiting herself to a piece of sweet, instead of warm hugs for the baby. Therefore, subsequently the child is simply doomed to obesity.

All methods of treatment of morbid obesity, or 3 degrees of obesity.

Morbid obesity, or grade 3 obesity, can be successfully treated. Physical exercise, as well as a properly selected diet, is the key to success in overcoming the problem of morbid obesity. Start with simple manageable loads. For starters, it can be small walks or walking up the stairs.

Let's list all the ways in which you can overcome this ailment:

Surgical methods for the treatment of obesity. This is a radical way that can save you from obesity in one fell swoop. There is a wide choice in surgery nowadays, it can be both reversible and irreversible operations, that is, operations that are done once and for all, for example, gastric bypass surgery. For the sake of solidarity, we also list the most popular types of operations. This is a sleeve gastroplasty operation, gastric banding, as well as liposuction of the abdomen. You can read more about each type of operation in the section surgical methods for the treatment of obesity.
restrictive diets. It is right to choose not just diets for a certain period of time, but to start getting used to a new lifestyle. Diets are rigid, which give quick results, and more balanced, which can give longer and more sustainable weight loss. A great example is the minus 60 diet.
Regular exercise. Excellent if you decide to lose weight with the machine, or you start exercising daily. Perhaps you will just walk to work and forget about the elevator. Or maybe it is difficult for you to organize your time yourself and you will choose a sports club for yourself. It is important that you exercise regularly.
Definitely, a food diary will be of great help to you. Records should be kept consistently, including all occasional "snacks" and even the amount and quality of fluid you drink throughout the day.

You should write down in detail what and how much you eat. At first, you will be very surprised by the amount of food you consume. A simple analysis of your behavior, when you are drawn to eat, what feelings and situations, the amount eaten, as well as estimating calories with the help of a food diary will help you overcome food addiction and morbid obesity.

And yet, it would be worth determining the reason for your overeating. Of course, before excluding the hereditary causes of obesity or hormonal disorders. Try to catch yourself when you feel like eating. Alan Kar in the book "The easy way to lose weight" teaches excellent lessons in losing weight. This book deserves attention. If there is a good psychologist in your city, try seeking help from a professional soul healer. Get inspired by real successful stories of losing 70 kg.

The whole secret of fighting obesity, especially if it is 3 degree, in a regular approach. This excess weight is quite amenable to correction. It can be aqua aerobics, cycling, even just walking at an accelerated pace. It is possible to cure grade 3 obesity, but you need to prepare for gradual and consistent actions in this direction.

The correct composition of the menu in the treatment of obesity of the 3rd degree.

Diet in the treatment of obesity should be low fat. Fat must be present, but in small, sometimes even purely symbolic proportions.
It's actually not difficult to reduce the amount of fat in your diet - just reduce your intake of pure fat, but don't eliminate it.

IMPORTANT!!! Fat gives the body a feeling of fullness - so a small amount of it, while following a diet, kind of deceives the body, saves it from stress in the fight against excess weight.

The body works like this - first it burns the newly received carbohydrates, then the recently received, and only after - fats. Moreover, each body burns its own specific amount of fat per day.

A strange dependence was noted - the more obesity the more fat the body can burn. This suggests that at first, weight loss is going well. Later, the body begins to feel a shortage of calories, and begins to use them sparingly. And if you lose weight using fasting or mono-diets, these are stressful indicators for the body. All this provokes the body to an even more economical attitude towards accumulated fat. Moreover, with morbid obesity, the difference in the amount of calories consumed is very noticeable. If you used to eat a lot of fatty and sweet things, and now you don’t eat at all, excess weight loss may stop.

A peculiar "fright" of the body explains such a heavy loss of the last kilograms. On average, the human body is able to burn about 100-200 grams of fat. So, first of all, treatment With obese 3 degrees in your everyday menu the amount of fat consumed should be reduced. Also every day in your menu protein must be present - boiled or baked meat of any low-fat varieties of at least 200 gr.

Here is a suggested menu for treating grade 3 obesity:

Morning:

200 g low-fat white cheese, or cottage cheese,

200 g of salad - make sure that there is no more than 1 tablespoon of oil,

1 slice of rye bread and plenty of water, but not carbonated.

Dinner:

Soup with a piece of boiled meat (gram 200),

2 slices of coarse bread,

a piece of boiled or baked meat, cucumber or tomato, boiled potato,

water or tea with a handful of dried fruits.

Dinner:

Cottage cheese diet 200 gr,

100 gr boiled sausages, boiled vegetables

milk tea. Dinner no later than 6 o'clock.

In between, with an acute feeling of hunger, drink kefir or water, tea. Can
eat unsweetened fruits.
About 200 grams of dried fruits can be consumed per day.
There is a wide range of dietary dishes - just remember it! Internet to help.

List of low calorie dishes that can be used on the menu.

The list of products can be huge. If you have a favorite dish, replace the fatty product with a low-fat one, or give up fat altogether. Here are some of them:

braised cabbage
baked potatoes
stewed or boiled fish
kefir, or any fermented milk product of low fat content
salads, instead of dressing, choose kefir or wine vinegar
cottage cheese casserole
any stewed vegetables without meat
low-fat soups (even if it's chicken - put the broth on
overnight in the refrigerator, and in the morning remove the fat - look at it carefully - it
could become yours - and leave it on a plate))).
Also stuffed vegetables.
okroshka
fruit drinks
rosehip tinctures
compotes without sugar
tangerines, oranges, apples and any other sour fruits. The exceptions are melon, grapes, apricot, watermelon.

You will find many unexpected weight loss recipes for obesity of 1,2,3,4 degrees . You can use drugs that reduce the absorption of food - for example, Xenical. You may be offered drugs to help reduce appetite when morbid obesity- preludin, gracidin, fepranon.

It is extremely important to determine in time in the body violations of the pancreas, thyroid gland. Fortunately, in the modern world, the Bioscanner BIORS medical complex has appeared, capable of instantly assessing your individual condition. And here you no longer need to rely on the qualifications of a doctor. The medical complex "Bioscanner BIORS" is able to determine all the disorders in your body within a few minutes and create a complete and competent picture for your doctor to make a decision.

How not to treat obesity of the 3rd degree (morbid obesity).

The only thing not to do in the treatment of morbid obesity is to use hunger. Hunger will only create additional stress for your body and make losing excess weight more difficult.
Popular newfangled pills for quick weight loss have many side effects, such as a huge load on the pancreas, a drop in pressure, or, conversely, a sharp jump. All this will only create additional threats to your already undermined by obesity, health. Tablets give a short-term result or have no result at all. It's not worth the risk.
Just choose yourself beautiful one day and everything will work out for you!

Unfortunately, the problem of overweight is very acute today. Despite the promotion of a healthy toned body, more and more people are knocked out of not only aesthetic, but also medical standards of harmony. Especially dangerous are the consequences of obesity of degrees 3 and 4, in which extra pounds disrupt the work of most internal organs.

The statistics are disappointing: the life expectancy of obese people is 10-14 years less than that of slender people. And what to do if you are "lucky" to have obesity of the 3rd degree: how many kilograms gained does it manifest itself, what complications is it fraught with and, most importantly, how is it treated?

How to determine the degree of pathology

Before you can start to deal with the problem, you need to find it. What is obesity? And how many kilograms do you need to gain in order for it to develop?

To do this, you must use one of the methods. However, all of them have approximate accuracy and are only advisory in nature. The last word in the diagnosis of obesity belongs to a doctor - a nutritionist, gastroenterologist or therapist.

Body mass index

If we assume that there are extra pounds with ease during a visual inspection, then it will be possible to accurately establish one of the four stages only after short calculations. Most formulas are based on body mass index (BMI), and you only need to know your height and weight.

BMI = body weight (kg) / height² (m²). The resulting value reflects the ratio of weight to height (squared).

Note! You can easily determine BMI using online calculators, Internet applications and special tables.

The body mass index is used to determine the exact degree of obesity. This allows us to assume the possible consequences of the pathology in each individual patient and draw up a treatment plan. A similar classification method for the disease was proposed by the World Health Organization in 1997 and is suitable for men and women aged 18-65 years. The table will help to identify the number of extra pounds:

If the result of the ratio of your height and weight was 25-30 kg / m², you are not yet obese. However, excess weight is a predisposing factor in the development of the disease and already creates health problems.
1 degree of obesity is characterized by an increase in BMI up to 30-35 kg / m². According to statistics, this stage is typical for 60% of overweight patients. Despite the pronounced symptoms of disruption of the body systems, the disease can be dealt with by conservative methods.
With the 2nd degree of obesity (BMI 35-40 kg / m²), there is no doubt that a person has excess weight either among others or himself. Obvious and violations of the work of internal organs. Metabolism in patients "breaks down", and without treatment, this stage progresses rapidly.
The third degree of obesity is the most severe. The condition of patients is deteriorating, all internal organs, bones and joints are working literally for wear and tear. Often patients with the type cannot take care of themselves and need constant care.

Sex differences, as well as the characteristics of metabolism in women and men, are reflected in the table below. It also uses the Quetelet index (BMI) as the main indicator for determining the degree of obesity.

	1 stage	2 stage	3 stage	4 stage
Men	30,0-32,20	32,30-37,20	37,30-49,70	Above 49.70
Women	28,0-30,70	30,80-35,40	35,50-47,30	Above 47.30

WHR

An important additional criterion in the diagnosis of overweight is WHR (from the English waist-to-hip ratio). This indicator reflects the degree of accumulation of visceral (“internal”) fat in the body and is calculated by the formula:

WHR = FROM (waist circumference) / FROM (pelvic circumference).

Normal WHR values are shown in the table below.

WHR reflects the degree of abdominal obesity. High values (more than 0.85 and 0.9 for representatives of different sexes) correspond to a BMI level above 30 kg/m².

Thus, obesity of the third degree is characterized by a BMI above 40 kg / m² and is usually accompanied by a high percentage of visceral fat in the body.

Reasons for gaining extra pounds

One of the main pathogenetic mechanisms for gaining extra pounds is the discrepancy between the amount of energy entering the body in the composition of food and its expenditure. Unclaimed nutrients are converted into lipid molecules and stored "in reserve". The main depots of fat in the body are: subcutaneous fat, large and small omentum of the peritoneum, anterior abdominal wall, internal organs.

Among the factors affecting the development of the disease, including obesity of the 3rd degree, there are:

changes in eating behavior (overeating, passion for sweets, fatty fried foods and fast food, eating at night) are factors that provoke alimentary obesity;
psychogenic overeating;
physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle;
genetic dysfunctions of a number of enzymes involved in digestion: increased activity of enzymes involved in lipogenesis - the formation of fatty matter; a decrease in the activity of enzymes responsible for lipolysis - the breakdown of fat molecules;
endocrine diseases leading to disruption of hormonal regulation of the whole organism: hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, insulinoma, Itsenko-Cushing's disease/syndrome;
frequent stresses, accompanied by the release of shock doses of cortisol into the blood - a hormone that mobilizes the body's internal reserves and slows down the rate of energy consumption;
lack of sleep, insomnia;
taking certain medications: glucocorticosteroids (hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs), insulin, combined oral contraceptives of the past generation containing high doses of estrogens.

Note! There are also quite physiological reasons for gaining kilograms - puberty of girls, pregnancy, menopause. However, they, of course, cannot cause 3 degrees of obesity.

Symptoms of the disease

As a rule, at this stage of obesity, a whole “bouquet” of chronic sores has formed, which constantly make themselves felt. Among the most common symptoms of the disease are:

shortness of breath with minimal physical activity and even at rest;
swelling in the legs and lower body;
arthralgia caused by increased stress on the musculoskeletal system;
tachyarrhythmia, various cardiac arrhythmias;
signs of coronary heart disease - pressing, aching, constricting pain behind the sternum, accompanied by irradiation to the left shoulder, arm, neck;
various digestive disorders: bloating, flatulence, stool disorders;
depression, low self-esteem.

Thus, with grade 3 obesity, the following organ systems are affected: cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive, nervous, and others.

Obesity in children

Being overweight in childhood is another pressing health problem. A child can be diagnosed with obesity if their weight is at least 15% higher than the maximum age limit, and their BMI is 30 kg/m² or more. According to statistics, 13% of Russian schoolchildren have extra pounds, and 8.5% of kids live with obesity.

Consider the main symptoms of obesity grade 3 in childhood. Children develop:

Increase in the subcutaneous fat layer. Fat in babies is distributed evenly throughout the body, the deposition of lipids on the face (“chubby cheeks”), arms, and upper body is characteristic.
Digestive disorders (especially typical for infants): constipation, bloating (flatulence), increased gas formation.
Shortness of breath, decreased tolerance even to previously habitual loads.
Secondary arterial hypertension is an increase in blood pressure.

Obesity of the 3rd degree in childhood often develops against the background of congenital hypothyroidism. In addition to the symptoms listed above, children with thyroid insufficiency: later acquire physical development skills - hold their heads, sit or walk; later encounter teething.

Acquired hypothyroidism usually develops in schoolchildren and adolescents against the background of iodine deficiency. In this case, in addition to uncontrolled weight gain, there is a decrease in academic performance; general weakness, fatigue; pathological drowsiness; muscle hypotension; dry skin; puffiness of the face and neck; menstrual disorders in girls.

Obesity of the 3rd degree, caused by Itsenko-Cushing's disease, is accompanied by the appearance of complaints about: typical distribution of body fat in the face, neck and abdomen; bright blush of cheeks; hirsutism - excessive hair growth of girls according to the male type; amenorrhea.

If prolactinoma has become the main cause of weight gain, the disease is accompanied by: gynecomastia - growth of the mammary glands; headaches; galactorrhea.

Violations of the endocrine regulation of the sex glands also often cause obesity. So, girls suffering from PCOS, in addition to being overweight, complain about the irregularity of the menstrual cycle, acne and excessive hair growth. Adiposogenic dystrophy in young men can be additionally manifested by cryptochimism, underdevelopment of the penis, gynecomastia.

What is dangerous?

Obesity is not only unaesthetic, but also very dangerous. If this insidious disease is not cured in time, it can lead to serious complications from all internal organs. Among them:

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: gastroesophageal reflux disease - pathological throwing of the contents of the stomach into the esophagus with the development of its chronic inflammation, dysplasia or metaplasia; pathology of the gallbladder - cholelithiasis, biliary dyskinesia, non-calculous cholecystitis; pancreatitis - inflammation of the pancreas; liver problems - hepatosplenomegaly, steatosis (fatty infiltration of the liver), ending with fibrosis / cirrhosis;
Metabolic disorders: metabolic syndrome - a complex of metabolic disorders that significantly increases the risk of developing coronary artery disease in a patient; diabetes mellitus (type 2) - insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism;
Cardiovascular pathology: ischemic heart disease - a chronic circulatory disorder of the heart muscle; cerebrovascular diseases - dyscirculatory encephalopathy, TIA - transient ischemic attacks, cerebral stroke; arterial hypertension.
Respiratory system diseases: functional respiratory disorders - hypoventilation syndrome; obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (more often develops during sleep);
Osteo-articular system and muscles: gout; osteoarthritis;
Diseases of the genitourinary system: chronic pyelonephritis; violation of menstrual function in women, infertility; decreased sex drive in men.

Principles of treatment: how to achieve the desired harmony

Of course, the main question that interests obese patients is how to lose weight? Unfortunately, there is no magic wand that allows you to return to your former harmony in a matter of moments. The loss of hated extra pounds is often the result of long hard work.

Focus on lifestyle

Treatment of obesity of the 3rd degree begins with non-drug methods of therapy, in particular, lifestyle correction. All patients with this disease are advised to:

To refuse from bad habits.
Increase your physical activity. A large percentage of excess weight in the body imposes certain restrictions on the choice of available sports activities. For example, running and lifting weights can cause increased stress on the heart and joints, and therefore are undesirable. Patients with grade 3 obesity should walk more often, swim, do Pilates, callanetics and yoga. Aerobic exercise is considered more effective, contributing to the acceleration of metabolism and uniform loss of fat mass.
Observe the regime of work and rest.
Try to sleep 7-8 hours daily, go to bed no later than 23 hours and get up at 6-7 in the morning.
Avoid stress and stressful situations.
According to indications - take course doses of multivitamin complexes.

Not a diet, but a balanced diet

One of the main factors for successful weight loss is proper nutrition. If you're serious about treating obesity, it's not a short-term, unlikely-to-benefit diet that will help you, but a complete change in your diet.

Remember, you're not on a diet, you're eating right. What does it mean?

Eating small meals 5-6 times a day.
Dinner no later than 3-4 hours before bedtime.
Thorough chewing of food, capturing the signals of the body about the onset of satiety.
The excess of daily energy expenditure over its consumption. You can calculate the recommended daily calorie intake using specialized tables.
Hearty breakfast and lunch with a small and light dinner.
Exclusion from the diet of simple carbohydrates, the excess of which can turn into body fat. Under the ban candy, cookies and other confectionery sweets, cakes, pastries, muffins.
A sharp restriction of harmful saturated and trans fats found in fatty meat, lard, offal (kidneys, liver, brains), cream, hard cheese, margarine. At the same time, polyunsaturated fats contained in sea fish, nuts, vegetable oils are not only not harmful, but even very useful for normalizing metabolism. However, these products have a high energy value, so their amount in the diet of losing weight should be small.
Eating plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits. They are a source of not only vitamins and microelements, but also fiber, which is necessary for the normalization of digestion and acceleration of metabolism.
Sufficient drinking regime - the use of 1.5-2 liters of pure non-carbonated water daily.

Medical methods for correcting obesity

Drug treatment of obesity is indicated in cases where the correction of lifestyle and nutrition is not effective enough. The following groups of drugs are most often used:

Appetite suppressants - catecholamines and their derivatives, cannabinoid receptor blockers, anorexigenic drugs.
Means that violate the digestibility of fats from food - Orlistat, Orsoten, Xenical.

Each drug for weight correction has its own contraindications and side effects. Therefore, before you start taking it, be sure to consult a doctor.

Note! A variety of slimming teas in the treatment of obesity are not only useless, but also dangerous. Their action is based on the removal of fluid from the body due to the diuretic and laxative effect.

When You Might Need Surgery

If obesity of the 3rd degree has passed into a stage dangerous for health, becoming morbid, intervention of surgeons may be required. It is shown at:

exceeding body weight by 45-50 kg relative to the recommended values;
an increase in BMI above 40 kg / m²;
the development of severe chronic diseases associated with excess weight;
lack of effect from the use of conservative methods of therapy.

Popular surgeries used for obesity include:

installation of an intragastric balloon - a minimally invasive intervention carried out through a gastric tube;
vertical gastroplasty;
gastric banding;
gastric bypass;
biliopancreatic shunting.

Before treating obesity, it is important to consult a doctor and undergo a complete examination to identify health problems. Without eliminating the cause of excess weight gain, it will easily return again even after losing weight. Attentive attitude to your health, an active lifestyle and a rational balanced diet will help you get rid of hated kilograms forever.